What is the primary purpose of fiber optic cables in telecommunications?

The primary purpose of fiber optic cables in telecommunications is to transmit data as light signals over long distances with minimal loss. Fiber optics utilize light to carry information, which allows for much higher bandwidth compared to traditional copper cables. This characteristic is crucial for modern communication systems where large amounts of data need to be sent quickly and efficiently.

One of the key advantages of fiber optic technology is its ability to maintain signal integrity over significant distances without degradation, thanks to the low attenuation of light in optical fibers. This makes it ideal for long-haul telecommunications, where signals can travel for many kilometers without the need for frequent amplifiers or repeaters.

While providing internet access to homes or connecting different geographic locations are important functions of fiber optics, they are generally seen as applications or benefits derived from the primary reason for using fiber cables: efficient data transmission. Additionally, transmitting power over long distances is not a function of fiber optics, as they are specifically designed for data and communication rather than electrical power transmission.